كتب سياسية Politics2

Nation-Building: A Key Concept for Peaceful Conflict Transformation?
by Jochen Hippler
بدون صورة غلاف

640KB RAR'd PDF

The Limits of Culture: Islam and Foreign Policy (BCSIA Studies in International Security)
by Brenda Shaffer (ed)

By

Publisher: The MIT Press
Number Of Pages: 360
Publication Date: 2006-07-03
Sales Rank: 1093010
ISBN / ASIN: 0262693216
EAN: 9780262693219
Binding: Paperback
Manufacturer: The MIT Press
Studio: The MIT Press
Average Rating:
Total Reviews:



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Book Description:

In recent years, analysts of world affairs have suggested that cultural interests -- ethnicity, religion, and ideology -- play a primary role in patterns of conflict and alliances, and that in the future the "clash of civilizations" will dominate international relations. The Limits of Culture explores the effect of culture on foreign policy, focusing on countries in the geopolitically important Caspian region and paying particular attention to those states that have identified themselves as Islamic republics -- Iran, Taliban Afghanistan, and Pakistan.

The contributors to The Limits of Culture find that, contrary to the currently popular view, culture is rarely more important than other factors in shaping the foreign policies of countries in the Caspian region. They find that ruling regimes do not necessarily act according to their own rhetoric. Iran, for example, can conduct policies that contradict the official state ideology without suffering domestic retribution. Also, countries frequently align with one another when they do not share religious beliefs or cultural heritage. For example, Christian Armenia cooperates on trade and security with non-Christian Iran. Cultural identities, the contributors find, are flexible enough to enable states to pursue a wide range of policies that are consistent with their material interests. As the essays in The Limits of Culture make clear, the emerging foreign policies of the Caspian states present a significant challenge to the culturalist argument.

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Deadly Connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism
by Daniel Byman


Deadly Connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism
By: Daniel Byman
ISBN-10: 0521548683, ISBN-13: 9780521548687
Publisher: Cambridge University Press - 2007-01-08
Paperback | 392 Pages



Editorial Description:

Thousands of people have died at the hands of terrorist groups that rely on state support for their activities. Iran and Libya are well known as sponsors of terrorism, while other countries, some with strong connections to the West, have enabled terrorist activity by turning a blind eye. Daniel Byman's book is the first to analyze this phenomenon. Focusing primarily on sponsors from the Middle East and South Asia, it examines the different types of support that states provide, their motivations, and the impact of such sponsorship. The book also considers regimes that allow terrorists to raise money and recruit without providing active support. The experiences of Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Libya are detailed here, alongside the histories of radical groups such as al-Qa'ida, Hizballah, and HAMAS. In conclusion, the book also assesses the difficulties of forcing sponsors to cut ties to terrorist groups

Format: PDF
Archive: RAR
Size: 1430 KB (archive)

Anti-Arab Racism in the USA: Where it Comes From and What it Means for Politics Today
by Steven Salaita (Author)


By

Publisher: Pluto Press
Number Of Pages: 252
Publication Date: 2006-04-10
Sales Rank: 286710
ISBN / ASIN: 0745325165
EAN: 9780745325163
Binding: Paperback
Manufacturer: Pluto Press
Studio: Pluto Press
Average Rating: 5
Total Reviews: 1



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Book Description:



"A sobering analysis of anti-Arab racism, from neo-conservative to liberal, rooted in America's settler colonial past and seeping into every corner of our lives. Steven Salaita takes the reader into the crisis of Arab-American communities in the wake of 9/11. Written with passion, this lucid account of the dangers of American imperialism paints a dark picture of the agenda of the Bush administration not only in the Arab world but also for people of color at home."
Miriam Cooke, Professor, Duke University

"An impassioned and deeply compelling look at the origins, evolution, manifestations and implications of anti-Arab racism today. ... A tour-de-force."
Lisa Suhair Majaj, co-editor, Etel Adnan: Critical Reflections on the Arab-American Writer and Artist and Intersections: Gender, Nation, and Community in Arab Women¹s Novels

"Salaita dives head-first into the heart of racism in America and uses his personal experiences to help readers understand the mechanics of racism as it applies to Arabs, Muslims and people who look Middle Eastern in the post-Sept. 11 world."
Ray Hanania, journalist and filmmaker, author of I¹m Glad I Look Like a Terrorist: Growing up Arab in America and Arabs of Chicagoland

"A highly recommended read, not only for students of Middle East history, but for the average American who wants to know how we have become so intimately and yet so bitterly entwined with the people of the Middle East. ... Salaita has thoughtfully articulated a very regretful era of unabashed racism in American history."
Ramzy Baroud, editor, Palestine Chronicle and author of Searching Jenin

Today is a difficult time to be both Arab and American. Since 9/11 there has been a lot of criticism of America¹s involvement in the middle east. Yet there has been little analysis of how America treats citizens of Arab or middle eastern origin within its own borders.

Steven Salaita explores the reality of Anti-Arab racism in America. He blends personal narrative, theory and polemics to show how this deep-rooted racism affects everything from legislation to cultural life, shining a light on the consequences of Anti-Arab racism both at home and abroad.

Uniquely, the book shows how ingrained racist attitudes can be found within the progressive movements on the political left, as well as the right. Salaita argues that, under the guise of patriotism, Anti-Arab racism fuels support for policies such as the Patriot Act.

Salaita breaks down the façade of Anti-Arab racism with an insightful analysis, arguing for the urgency of a commitment to openness and inclusion in today¹s political climate.


Steven Salaita is Assistant Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin -Whitewater. He writes frequently about Arab America and the Arab World.

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The Logic of Anarchy: Neorealism to Structural Realism (New Directions in World Politics)
by Barry Buzan
بدون صورة غلاف

Publisher: Columbia University Press
Number Of Pages: 267
Publication Date: 1993-01
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0231080409
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780231080408
Binding: Hardcover


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Summary: From Waltz to the Three Academics
Rating: 5

You want to understand the theory of international politics? Well, then, first try Kenneth Waltz's "Theory of International Politics", then go to Robert Keohane's "Neorealism and its Critics", then read David Baldwin's "Neorealism and Neoliberalism", and finally peruse this work. "The Logic of Anarchy" anatomises every part of Waltz's "T of P", criticises it wholly, and improves it to the extent to which I doubt there will be any further refinement. It is the most important and best response to Waltz's work!

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Fourth Climate Action Report to the UN Framework
by Office of Global Change, U.S. Department of State



Fourth Climate Action Report to the UN Framework
Office of Global Change, U.S. Department of State

In June 1992, the United States signed, and later ratified in October, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Pursuant to the national communication reporting requirements under Articles 4.2 and 12 of the Convention and to guidelines later adopted by the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties (COP), the United States submitted the first U.S. Climate Action Report (USCAR) to the UNFCCC Secretariat in 1994, the second in 1997, and the third in 2002.

The draft of the fourth report was available on this site from May 4 through June 1, 2007 to allow the public to comment on the draft text of the national communication before the final document was completed. The final report was submitted July 27, 2007.


The Fourth United States Climate Action Report (CAR)
The fourth CAR provides an update on key activities conducted by the U.S. since the third CAR, an inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks, an estimate of the effects of mitigation measures and policies on future emissions levels, and a description of U.S. leadership and involvement in international programs, including associated contributions and funding efforts. In addition, the text discusses U.S. national circumstances that affect U.S. vulnerability and responses to climate change. Finally, the CAR presents information on the U.S. Climate Change Science Program, the U.S. Climate Change Technology Program, our efforts in systematic observations, including the U.S. Integrated Earth Observation System, and our education, training and outreach efforts. The report takes into account activities up to and including 2006.


The Final Report is available as a series of PDF files:


Table of Contents of the Fourth U.S. CAR:

-- 1. Introduction and Overview [ 3304 Kb]
-- 2. National Circumstances [ 3379 Kb]
-- 3. Greenhouse Gas Inventory [ 3689 Kb]
-- 4. Policies and Measures [ 4036 Kb]
-- 5. Projected Greenhouse Gas Emissions [ 4738 Kb]
-- 6. Impacts and Adaptation [ 5089 Kb]
-- 7. Financial Resources and Transfer of Technology [ 4683 Kb]
-- 8. Research and Systematic Observation [ 1786 Kb]
-- 9. Education, Training, and Outreach [ 2943 Kb]
-- Appendices [ 2069 Kb]

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File-Size: 34.82 MB
1. Introduction and Overview [ 3304 Kb]
2. National Circumstances [ 3379 Kb]
3. Greenhouse Gas Inventory [ 3689 Kb]
4. Policies and Measures [ 4036 Kb]
5. Projected Greenhouse Gas Emissions [ 4738 Kb]
6. Impacts and Adaptation [ 5089 Kb]
7. Financial Resources and Transfer of Technology [ 4683 Kb]
8. Research and Systematic Observation [ 1786 Kb]
9. Education, Training, and Outreach [ 2943 Kb]
Appendices [ 2069 Kb]

International Relations: The Key Concepts
by M. Griffiths

By

Publisher: Routledge
Number Of Pages: 416
Publication Date: 2001-12-29
Sales Rank: 475059
ISBN / ASIN: 0415228832
EAN: 9780415228831
Binding: Paperback
Manufacturer: Routledge
Studio: Routledge
Average Rating: 5
Total Reviews: 2



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Book Description:



Featuring 150 entries, International Relations: Key Concepts is the essential guide for anyone interested in international affairs. Comprehensive and up-to-date, it introduces the most important themes in international relations, with an emphasis on contemporary issues. Entries include diplomacy, global warming, terrorism, human rights, rogue states, loose nukes, United Nations security, arms control, and ethnic cleansing

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Strategy or Principle?: The Choice Between Regulation and Taxation
by Mark Gregory Kelman

By

Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Number Of Pages: 144
Publication Date: 1999-12-03
Sales Rank: 1362030
ISBN / ASIN: 0472110470
EAN: 9780472110476
Binding: Hardcover
Manufacturer: University of Michigan Press
Studio: University of Michigan Press
Average Rating:
Total Reviews:



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Book Description:



Governments may choose to meet perceived social problems either through regulatory mandates or the public provision of a good that is funded by broad-based taxes. Contrary to an emerging conservative consensus in the "property rights" movement, Strategy or Principle? argues, first, that the constitution permits broad use of regulations and, second, that the use of regulation may be the better policy choice.
Strategy or Principle? addresses a critical issue in law, public administration, and public finance: When is it both prudent and constitutionally permissible to meet social aims by requiring that private parties take certain steps to meet that aim? Alternately, when is it appropriate for the government to use the money it raises through general taxation to fund programs that meet these aims?
Regulations have been criticized in "property rights" literature on the grounds that it violates the constitution by limiting the ability of property owners to use their property without compensation. These theorists argue that the government must directly fund these programs. Kelman argues for regulations and "regulatory taxes" in some situations. However, he criticizes an undue reliance among certain political progressives on regulation, arguing that the allocation of social benefits may be irrational if those who are benefited by regulation are thought to have some sort of moral priority to the money implicitly spent on improving their condition over those who receive funds through tax-and-spend programs.
Strategy or Principle? will be of interest to students and scholars of constitutional law, public finance, political science, and legislation and administration.
Mark Kelman is William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Law, Stanford University Law School.
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The Movers and the Shirkers: Representatives and Ideologues in the Senate
by Eric M. Uslaner

Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Number Of Pages: 248
Publication Date: 1999-09-15
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 047210943X
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780472109432
Binding: Hardcover


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Book Description:


What is the nature of representation? Why do some legislators seem to pursue their own policy agenda and others only vote for the wishes of a majority in their district? Eric M. Uslaner sheds new light on this important debate, demonstrating that current notions of representation are too narrow and that members of Congress do both pursue a policy agenda and represent their constituents's interests.

Uslaner argues that most representatives do not have to choose between following their ideals or constituency preferences, because voters usually elect public officials who are in tune with their beliefs. And because the constituency is a complex organization of sub-groups--some of which are more critical to achieving re-election than others--the legis-lator is able to form alliances with those who support the legislator's policy preferences. The views of these groups within the constituence become the views to which the legislator pays most attention. In short, the author argues, politics are both local and ideological.

Uslaner explores the intersection of a legislator ideology and the preferences of various constituencies. In looking at how they interact and how representation affects reelection, the book sheds new light on the place of ideology in American politics.

This book will be of interest to those concerned with representation in all legislative bodies, including political scientists and historians.

Eric M. Uslaner is Professor of Government, University of Maryland. He is the author of The Decline of Comity in Congress.

733KB RAR'd PDF

Hegemony or Survival: America's Quest for Global Dominance (The American Empire Project)
by Noam Chomsky

Publisher: Owl Books
Number Of Pages: 301
Publication Date: 2004-09-01
Sales Rank: 1509
ISBN / ASIN: 0805076883
EAN: 9780805076882
Binding: Paperback
Average Rating: 3.5
Total Reviews: 269





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Amazon.com:

Noam Chomsky is considered the father of modern linguistics. In this richly detailed criticism of American foreign policy, he seeks to redefine many of the terms commonly used in the ongoing American war on terrorism. Surveying U.S. actions in Cuba, Nicaragua, Turkey, the Far East and elsewhere over the past half a century along with the modern American war in Iraq, Chomsky indicates that America is just as much a terrorist state as any other government or rogue organization. George W. Bush's 2003 invasion of Iraq drew worldwide criticism, in part because it seemed to present a new philosophy of pre-emptive war and an appearance of global empire building. But according to Chomsky, such has been the operating philosophy of American foreign policy for decades. Opponents of the Bush administration's tactics consistently point out how the American government supported Saddam Hussein for many years prior to the 1990 invasion of Kuwait (pictures of Donald Rumsfeld shaking Saddam's hand are easy to come by) as a means of pointing out how the United States is happy to fund despots when it's in American interests. But Chomsky, armed with extensive historical notation, takes this notion further, arguing how the repression of other nations' citizenry is, in fact, the very reason Americans support certain foreign leaders. The charges made throughout the book are severe, as are the dire consequences he posits if current trends are not reversed, and Chomsky is no more likely to make friends or gain supporters from the mainstream now than he's ever been. But Hegemony or Survival is relatively dispassionate. Instead of relying on camp or shock value or personal attacks as some of his contemporaries have done, Chomsky drives his well-supported points steadily forward in an earnest and highly readable style. --John Moe



Book Description:

"Reading Chomsky today is sobering and instructive . . . He is a global phenomenon . . . perhaps the most widely read voice on foreign policy on the planet." The New York Times Book ReviewAn immediate national bestseller, Hegemony or Survival demonstrates how, for more than half a century the United States has been pursuing a grand imperial strategy with the aim of staking out the globe. Our leaders have shown themselves willing-as in the Cuban missile crisis-to follow the dream of dominance no matter how high the risks. World-renowned intellectual Noam Chomsky investigates how we came to this perilous moment and why our rulers are willing to jeopardize the future of our species.With the striking logic that is his trademark, Chomsky tracks the U.S. government's aggressive pursuit of "full spectrum dominance" and vividly lays out how the most recent manifestations of the politics of global control-from unilateralism to the dismantling of international agreements to state terrorism-cohere in a drive for hegemony that ultimately threatens our existence. Lucidly written, thoroughly documented, and featuring a new afterword by the author, Hegemony or Survival is a definitive statement from one of today's most influential thinkers.



Download Description:

The United States is in the process of staking out not just the globe but the last unarmed spot in our neighborhood-the heavens-as a militarized sphere of influence. Our earth and its skies are, for the Bush administration, the final frontiers of imperial control. In Hegemony or Survival, Noam Chomsky investigates how we came to this moment, what kind of peril we find ourselves in, and why our rulers are willing to jeopardize the future of our species.

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Can we defuse The Global Warming Time Bomb?
by James E. Hansen / NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies / Columbia University Earth Institute

Can we defuse The Global Warming Time Bomb?
By James E. Hansen,

Publisher: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies / Columbia University Earth Institute
Number Of Pages: 32
Publication Date: 4-2004
Binding: PDF
Can we defuse The Global Warming Time Bomb?
All glaciers in Glacier National Park are retreating inexorably to their final demise. Global warming is real, and the melting ice is an apt portent of potentially disastrous consequences. Yet most gloom-and-doom climate scenarios exaggerate trends of the agents that drive global warming. Study of these forcing agents shows that global warming can be slowed, and stopped, with practical actions that yield a cleaner, healthier atmosphere.


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File-Size: 1.30 MB

Nieman Reports Vol 59 No4 Winter 2005 Global Warming
by Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University

Nieman Reports Winter 2005 Global Warming
Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University

Global Warming
In his opening essay, Dan Fagin, associate director of New York University’s Science and Environmental Reporting Program, plows the common ground beneath the coverage of intelligent design and global warming. Science, he observes, is not “adept at feeding the media’s craving for novelty, since the credibility of science depends on meticulous process in which each hypothesis builds incrementally on all the work that has come before. In science, nothing ever really comes out of left field. In journalism, it’s our favorite position.” Then we move on from his words to articles examining reporting about global warming

The Israel/Palestine Question
by Ilan Pappe

By

Publisher: Routledge
Number Of Pages: 292
Publication Date: 1999-03-31
Sales Rank: 896276
ISBN / ASIN: 0415169488
EAN: 9780415169486
Binding: Paperback
Manufacturer: Routledge
Studio: Routledge
Average Rating: 3
Total Reviews: 2



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Book Description:



An explicitly revisionist collection that takes the ground away from pro-Israeli historians and suggests a far more nuanced view of the issue, The Israel/Palestine Question assimilates diverse interpretations of the origins of the Middle East conflict with emphasis on the fight for Palestine and its religious and political roots. Drawing largely on scholarly debates in Israel during the last two decades, which have become known as `historical revisionism,' the collection presents the most recent developments in the historiography of the Arab-Israeli conflict and a critical reassessment of Israel's past. The volume commences with an overview of Palestinian history and the origins of modern Palestine, and includes essays on the early Zionist movement, the 1948 war, international influences on the conflict and the Intifada

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The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense
by Margaret R O'Leary

Publisher: iUniverse, Inc.
Number Of Pages: 546
Publication Date: 2006-01-10
Sales Rank: 2637667
ISBN / ASIN: 0595378196
EAN: 9780595378197
Binding: Paperback
Hardcover: 546 pages
Publisher: iUniverse, Inc. (January 10, 2006)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0595675697
ISBN-13: 978-0595675692





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Book Description:

The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense confronts the scourge of terrorism with the greatest weapon of all: knowledge. The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense adds value to the world's terrorism literature by collecting, organizing, and defining for the first time in one place thousands of high-profile words and terms. These words and terms cover the gamut of concepts, places, individuals, groups, organizations, and programs involved in securing and defending the American homeland from terrorism's explosive intrusion.

Author Dr. Margaret R. O'Leary brings over twenty years of experience as an educator, dictionary editor, and physician to the compilation of The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense. Terrorism touches everyone's lives. The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense brings to life

Spine-tingling concepts, such as breeder documents, demonstration effect, postulated threat, and taqiya.
Notorious terrorists, such as Sayyid Qtub and Ayman Zawahiri.
Infamous terrorist groups, such as Hezbollah, Islamic Egyptian Jihad, and al-Qaeda.
Action-oriented organizations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Northern Command, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.
Secure defense locations, such as Cheyenne Mountain.
Innovative counter-terrorism programs, such as TOPOFF 3 and BioWatch programs.
The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense is the seminal lexical resource for students, homeland security and defense professionals, and all concerned American citizens searching for word tools to defeat the hostile and destructive forces that threaten the security and freedom of Americans in their homeland.
Size:
2.9 MB

Poverty Reduction and the World Bank: Progress in Fiscal 1998 (Document of the World Bank)
by World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Number Of Pages: 117
Publication Date: 1999-07
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 082134384X
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780821343845
Binding: Paperback